I see only a blue window (new with cpp file)

M

met

Newcomer
Joined
Jan 21, 2004
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8
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Germany
Hello, I has tries a C++ Tutorial in VB.Net to rewrite, but I see only a blue window.

Can someone say to me, what wrong I make?

In the attachment is the original cpp-file of the sample and the complete VB.Net project.

Code: 
Imports System
Imports System.Drawing
Imports System.Windows.Forms
Imports Microsoft.DirectX
Imports Microsoft.DirectX.Direct3D



Namespace Direct3DTest2
    Public Class MyGraphicsSample
        Inherits GraphicsSample 'Alles von Class GraphicsSample erben

        Public AnzahlObjekte As Integer = 2048
        Public vbObjekte As VertexBuffer
        Public ibObjekte As IndexBuffer
        Public vCameraPos As Vector3 = New Vector3(0, 0, 0)
        Public CameraWinkel As Single = 0
        Public Sichtfeld As Single = Math.PI / 4

        Public Sub New()
        End Sub 'New

        Protected Overrides Sub FrameMove()

        End Sub 'FrameMove

        Public Sub RenderScene()
            Device.Transform.View = Matrix.LookAtLH(vCameraPos, New Vector3(vCameraPos.X + Math.Sin(CameraWinkel), vCameraPos.Y, vCameraPos.Z + Math.Cos(CameraWinkel)), New Vector3(0, 1, 0))
            Me.Text = vCameraPos.X & "x" & vCameraPos.Y & "x" & vCameraPos.Z & "Winkel:" & 360 * CameraWinkel / Math.PI
            Dim Aspect As Single
            Aspect = Device.PresentationParameters.BackBufferWidth / Device.PresentationParameters.BackBufferHeight
            Device.Transform.Projection = Matrix.PerspectiveFovLH(CameraWinkel, Aspect, 0.1, 250)
            Device.Transform.World = Matrix.Identity



            Device.SetStreamSource(0, vbObjekte, 0)
            Device.Indices = ibObjekte
            Device.DrawIndexedPrimitives(PrimitiveType.TriangleList, 0, 0, AnzahlObjekte * 8, 0, AnzahlObjekte * 12)
        End Sub 'RenderScene

        Protected Overrides Sub Render()
            Device.Clear(ClearFlags.Target Or ClearFlags.ZBuffer, Drawing.Color.Blue.ToArgb, 1, 0)
            Device.BeginScene()
            RenderScene()
            Device.EndScene()
        End Sub 'Render

        Protected Overrides Sub InitializeDeviceObjects()
            Try
                Device.VertexFormat = VertexFormats.Position Or VertexFormats.Diffuse Or VertexFormats.Texture1

                Device.RenderState.Lighting = False
                Device.RenderState.CullMode = Cull.None
                Device.RenderState.DitherEnable = True

                Device.SamplerState(0).MinFilter = TextureFilter.Linear
                Device.SamplerState(0).MagFilter = TextureFilter.Linear
                Device.SamplerState(0).MipFilter = TextureFilter.Linear

                Dim tmpTextur As Texture
                tmpTextur = TextureLoader.FromFile(Device, "Texture.bmp", 256, 256, 1, 0, Format.Unknown, Pool.Managed, Filter.None, Filter.Linear, 0)
                Device.SetTexture(0, tmpTextur)

                vbObjekte = New VertexBuffer(GetType(CustomVertex.PositionColoredTextured), AnzahlObjekte * 8, Device, 0, CustomVertex.PositionColoredTextured.Format, Pool.Managed)
                ibObjekte = New IndexBuffer(GetType(Short), AnzahlObjekte * 36, Device, 0, Pool.Managed)

                Dim Verts() As CustomVertex.PositionColoredTextured
                Dim Indices() As Short

                Verts = DirectCast(vbObjekte.Lock(0, LockFlags.NoSystemLock), CustomVertex.PositionColoredTextured())
                Indices = DirectCast(ibObjekte.Lock(0, LockFlags.NoSystemLock), Short())

                Dim n, m As Integer
                Dim tmpPos As New Vector3
                Dim StartVertex, StartIndex As Integer
                For n = 0 To AnzahlObjekte - 1
                    tmpPos.X = 250 * Rnd() + 20
                    tmpPos.Y = 250 * Rnd() + 20
                    tmpPos.Z = 250 * Rnd() + 20

                    StartVertex = n * 8
                    StartIndex = n * 36

                    Verts(StartVertex + 0) = New CustomVertex.PositionColoredTextured(tmpPos.X + -1, tmpPos.Y + 1, tmpPos.Z + -1, 0, Rnd, Rnd)
                    Verts(StartVertex + 1) = New CustomVertex.PositionColoredTextured(tmpPos.X + -1, tmpPos.Y + 1, tmpPos.Z + 1, 0, Rnd, Rnd)
                    Verts(StartVertex + 2) = New CustomVertex.PositionColoredTextured(tmpPos.X + 1, tmpPos.Y + 1, tmpPos.Z + 1, 0, Rnd, Rnd)
                    Verts(StartVertex + 3) = New CustomVertex.PositionColoredTextured(tmpPos.X + 1, tmpPos.Y + 1, tmpPos.Z + -1, 0, Rnd, Rnd)
                    Verts(StartVertex + 4) = New CustomVertex.PositionColoredTextured(tmpPos.X + -1, tmpPos.Y + -1, tmpPos.Z + -1, 0, Rnd, Rnd)
                    Verts(StartVertex + 5) = New CustomVertex.PositionColoredTextured(tmpPos.X + -1, tmpPos.Y + -1, tmpPos.Z + 1, 0, Rnd, Rnd)
                    Verts(StartVertex + 6) = New CustomVertex.PositionColoredTextured(tmpPos.X + 1, tmpPos.Y + -1, tmpPos.Z + 1, 0, Rnd, Rnd)
                    Verts(StartVertex + 7) = New CustomVertex.PositionColoredTextured(tmpPos.X + 1, tmpPos.Y + -1, tmpPos.Z + -1, 0, Rnd, Rnd)

                    Indices(StartIndex + 0) = 0 : Indices(StartIndex + 1) = 3 : Indices(StartIndex + 2) = 7
                    Indices(StartIndex + 3) = 0 : Indices(StartIndex + 4) = 7 : Indices(StartIndex + 5) = 4
                    Indices(StartIndex + 6) = 2 : Indices(StartIndex + 7) = 5 : Indices(StartIndex + 8) = 1
                    Indices(StartIndex + 9) = 2 : Indices(StartIndex + 10) = 5 : Indices(StartIndex + 11) = 6
                    Indices(StartIndex + 12) = 1 : Indices(StartIndex + 13) = 0 : Indices(StartIndex + 14) = 4
                    Indices(StartIndex + 15) = 1 : Indices(StartIndex + 16) = 4 : Indices(StartIndex + 17) = 5
                    Indices(StartIndex + 18) = 3 : Indices(StartIndex + 19) = 2 : Indices(StartIndex + 20) = 6
                    Indices(StartIndex + 21) = 3 : Indices(StartIndex + 22) = 6 : Indices(StartIndex + 23) = 7
                    Indices(StartIndex + 24) = 0 : Indices(StartIndex + 25) = 1 : Indices(StartIndex + 26) = 2
                    Indices(StartIndex + 27) = 0 : Indices(StartIndex + 28) = 2 : Indices(StartIndex + 29) = 3
                    Indices(StartIndex + 30) = 6 : Indices(StartIndex + 31) = 5 : Indices(StartIndex + 32) = 4
                    Indices(StartIndex + 33) = 6 : Indices(StartIndex + 34) = 4 : Indices(StartIndex + 35) = 7

                Next n

                vbObjekte.Unlock()
                ibObjekte.Unlock()

            Catch
                Dim e As New MediaNotFoundException
                HandleSampleException(e, ApplicationMessage.ApplicationMustExit)
                Throw e
            End Try
        End Sub 'InitializeDeviceObjects

        Protected Overrides Sub RestoreDeviceObjects(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs)
        End Sub 'RestoreDeviceObjects

        Shared Sub Main()
            Dim d3dApp As New MyGraphicsSample

            If d3dApp.CreateGraphicsSample() Then
                d3dApp.Run()
            End If
        End Sub 'Main

        Private Sub MyGraphicsSample_KeyDown(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As System.Windows.Forms.KeyEventArgs) Handles MyBase.KeyDown
            Select Case e.KeyCode
                Case Keys.Left
                    CameraWinkel -= elapsedtime * Math.PI / 8
                Case Keys.Right
                    CameraWinkel += elapsedtime * Math.PI / 8
                Case Keys.Up
                    vCameraPos.X += Math.Sin(CameraWinkel) * 5 * elapsedtime
                    vCameraPos.Z += Math.Cos(CameraWinkel) * 5 * elapsedtime
                Case Keys.Down
                    vCameraPos.X -= Math.Sin(CameraWinkel) * 5 * elapsedtime
                    vCameraPos.Z -= Math.Cos(CameraWinkel) * 5 * elapsedtime
                Case Keys.PageDown
                    Sichtfeld += Math.PI * 10 / 360 * elapsedtime
                Case Keys.PageUp
                    Sichtfeld -= Math.PI * 10 / 360 * elapsedtime
            End Select
            If Sichtfeld <= 0 Then Sichtfeld = Math.PI * 0.1 / 360
            If Sichtfeld >= Math.PI / 2 Then Sichtfeld = Math.PI * 179.9 / 360
        End Sub
    End Class 'MyGraphicsSample
End Namespace 'Direct3DTest2
 

Attachments

In Render(), after Device.EndScene you need Device.Present().
What's happening is that the screen is indeed being cleared, but the output produced by DrawIndexedPrimitives is not being put onto the screen.
 
The Device.Present() is in 'Sub RenderEnvironment()

That cannot be the error, because otherwise a blue window would also not be indicated.

Code: 
    Public Sub Render3DEnvironment()
        If deviceLost Then
            Try
                ' Test the cooperative level to see if it's okay to render
                device.TestCooperativeLevel()
            Catch e As DeviceLostException
                ' If the device was lost, do not render until we get it back
                isHandlingSizeChanges = False
                isWindowActive = False
                Return
            Catch e As DeviceNotResetException
                ' Check if the device needs to be resized.
                ' If we are windowed, read the desktop mode and use the same format for
                ' the back buffer
                If windowed Then
                    Dim adapterInfo As GraphicsAdapterInfo = graphicsSettings.AdapterInfo
                    graphicsSettings.WindowedDisplayMode = Manager.Adapters(adapterInfo.AdapterOrdinal).CurrentDisplayMode
                    presentParams.BackBufferFormat = graphicsSettings.WindowedDisplayMode.Format
                End If

                ' Reset the device and resize it
                device.Reset(device.PresentationParameters)
                EnvironmentResized(device, New System.ComponentModel.CancelEventArgs())
            End Try
            deviceLost = False
        End If

        ' Get the app's time, in seconds. Skip rendering if no time elapsed
        Dim fAppTime As Single = DXUtil.Timer(DirectXTimer.GetApplicationTime)
        Dim fElapsedAppTime As Single = DXUtil.Timer(DirectXTimer.GetElapsedTime)
        If 0.0F = fElapsedAppTime And frameMoving Then
            Return
        End If
        ' FrameMove (animate) the scene
        If frameMoving Or isSingleStep Then
            ' Store the time for the app
                appTime = fAppTime
                elapsedTime = fElapsedAppTime
            ' Frame move the scene
            FrameMove()

            isSingleStep = False
        End If

        ' Render the scene as normal
        Render()

        UpdateStats()

        Try
            ' Show the frame on the primary surface.
            device.Present()
        Catch e As DeviceLostException
            deviceLost = True
        End Try
    End Sub 'Render3DEnvironment
 
Sorry, a reference from the show The Simpsons that pretty much everyone in north america would understand :)

It means that my response was really stupid and I deserve a hit upside the head.
 
At a quick glance ....

you have choosen vertex type of

PositionColoredTextured

That means every vertex has an x,y and z postion in 3d space and little subtriangles make the object up from that.

Also the vertex has a color, which I haven't seen being set anywhere ( only a quick glance ).

Also and most important is that a texture is mapped onto the object using UV.

UV work like x and y, a total area of a texture is 1.0f ( 1 in a float value ) so if you use 50.0f in both U and V the texture would tile 50 times.

as your no using color, maybe use

PositionTextured

The big missing peice is when you render the scene you are not setting the render state to be using your texture that is referenced in the Vertex objects before drawing your primate object. You set this in the initalize objects, but it's not really the right place for it.


in C# it would look something like this

Code: 
device.SetTexture(0,texture);
			device.TextureState[0].ColorOperation = TextureOperation.Modulate;
			device.TextureState[0].ColorArgument1 = TextureArgument.TextureColor;
			device.TextureState[0].ColorArgument2 = TextureArgument.Diffuse;
			device.TextureState[0].AlphaOperation = TextureOperation.Disable;
remember that directx is a state machine, so you set and change the render state as you draw stuff.

also when using the z axis you should turn on the z buffer in Initalization

device.RenderState.ZBufferEnable = true;

I don't know if this is a VB / C# difference, but when you create a vertex buffer for the primate object you usual have an event handler that is called when the device has finished creating the vertex buffer, after which time you then fill the vertex information.

hope this helps.

:)
 
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