I don't quite understand what that line of code is supposed todo, but based on your description this is what I think you want todo.
Visual Basic:
Dim dirs() As String = Directory.GetDirectories(cmboLeft.Text)
lvwLeftList.BeginUpdate()
For i As Single = 0 To dirs.Length - 1
lvwLeftList.Items.Add(dirs(i))
Next
lvwLeftList.EndUpdate()
As a side note the code you posted doesn't work because of the following...
- the method GetDirectories returns a string array
- the method Items.Add() accepts (among other things) a string not an array
Pay close attention to the Tooltips for each overload to see what they return or accept, this could help you solve alot of your problems on your own.